Chris Ward worked at the universities of Essex and Birmingham before coming to Cambridge in 1987. He researches mainly on late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Russia but is also interested in the history of European socialism and the British experience of the First World War. Major publications include Living on the Western Front. Annals and Stories 1914-1919 (London, 2013), Stalin's Russia (2nd ed., London, 1999), The Stalinist Dictatorship (ed., London, 1998) and Russia's Cotton Workers and the New Economic Policy: Shop-floor Culture and State Policy 1921-29 (Cambridge, 1990).